Thursday, November 6, 2014

Race, gender, and more (or my attempt to catch up)


Rather than respond to all of the very good posts this week, I'll try to add my two cents.

1. I found the Grubisic piece on Goldust particularly interesting and as others have addressed the tension between wrestling easily embracing blatant female sexuality but uncomfortable with a gay character doing the same. Another aspect only briefly touched upon is that Goldust, much like other similar characters (Sam mentioned Adrian Adonis and Adrian Street from the 1980s), were all legitimately pretty tough individuals outside of the character, guys who could hold their own in a legit fight. Whether this changes how the audience views the characters I'm not so sure, but this again speaks to the underlying themes of masculinity even in characters challenging the stereotype.

2. The readings on race left me particularly torn. There are clearly more African Americans in the WWE now than 20 years ago with much more variation in their characters. I would like to hope we won't see another character from "Deepest Darkest Africa" or someone finding their roots through an African dance (if you haven't seen Tony Atlas as Saba Simba, you're lucky) or stereotypes of crime (e.g. Cryme Tyme). Yet, African American wrestlers still don't display the range of character types of white characters. Similarly, connecting the Taylor piece on John Cena, one may argue that Cena can appropriate black culture at times, but his character goes beyond this. Imagine if Cena the character were portrayed by any of the numerous talented African American talents on the roster. It's hard to imagine the character being about more than rap, in no small part because of previous such characters.

The one-dimensional aspects of many Latino characters can in part be attributed to their size the lucha style or language barriers, as discussed in class. The same could be said about the few Asian wrestlers in the US today. However, even Samoan wrestlers seem to fall into this same unidimensional characterization. Most Samoan wrestlers from the 1980s through the 1990s played "savages", a characterization brought back later by the WWE for Umaga (although, at least in my view, this was more of a tongue-in-cheek anachronistic role). While the Usos break this mold, their characters are marginally developed beyond their ethnicity and thus not unlike comments from previous readings suggesting that ethnic wrestlers did not need a gimmick because being black/Asian/etc. was their gimmick.

3. I am bothered by the juxtaposition that the WWE (or Vince McMahon in particular) seems to prefer larger-than-life male wrestlers but not necessarily female wrestlers. While Chyna in the late 90s/early 00s was clearly physically imposing and pushed as such, the examples afterwards have been few and without such a developed storyline (I'm specifically referring to examples such as Beth Phoenix, Amazing Kong/Kharma, and perhaps Tamina). In fact, there seems to be far less diversity in size and shape of female wrestlers in the WWE now than in any time I can remember.

Full disclosure: I miss Beth Phoenix. Wonderful talent.

2 comments:

Sam Ford said...

Some great questions here, Tim. I think we can all universally degree that pro wrestling has long had major issues with race and gender roles. And, of course, that's not so different than society in general. But it does raise the question that, if WWE can challenge societal norms and script what happens; if wrestling has a long history of bringing in diverse characters (even if in heavily stereotyped ways); etc., then WWE as a publicly traded company should elevate its game to move beyond the "easy grab" of playing directly into the stereotypes of yesteryear.

The imbalance between attention given to male vs. female athletes is significant in other sports as well, of course, but it's directly juxtaposed on WWE, where women's matches are interspersed within men's matches. A lack of racial equality is represented across television, and some have argued that wrestling has often had a better tack record in terms of the number of non-white faces on screen...even though the depictions of those faces hasn't necessarily been so progressive...

As Tony pointed out in comments in another thread, there is a long history of overt and systemic racism in wrestling...and there's no denying that plays a significant role. But, even just speaking from a market perspective, if WWE wants to maintain and grow its Hispanic U.S. viewer numbers as demographics shift; continue to grow its popularity among black and white fans; continue its international expansion; maintain a balance between male and female fans; and so on--the ways of drawing cheap pops and heat from yesteryear based on stereotypes will be hard to challenge.

I don't want to see wrestling lose it's edge and don't necessarily want it sanitized and not acknowledge issues of race, class, and gender...That would strip away some of what is potentially powerful about wrestling as a medium for the exaggerated exploration of controversial ideas. On the other hand...WWE needs to turn a hard eye toward their internal policies and mindsets...

Sam Ford said...

One thought regarding depiction of Samoan wrestlers...I assume the Usos see their characters/performance as being a tribute to family tradition within wrestling...and I appreciated that they've incorporated it while also updating it to be more progressive. I assume their lack of character development has to do with a lack of trust of them on the mic, etc., as well as the general lack of deep development tag team acts often get. But I do wish they'd have a chance to build their characters a bit beyond what you can just see and ascertain from their act...

On the other hand, in our discussion of Samoan stereotypes, we've neglected in the discussion that there's another major Samoan wrestler in the WWE today (not counting The Rock, of course) who is part of the same family: Roman Reigns, who is certainly not operating by Samoan stereotype. But, on the other hand, perhaps the reason we ignore it is the degree to which WWE does as well...If WWE could make someone ethnical background a minor portion of their story so that it's visible, while not making it the entire existence of their gimmick, it might go a long way toward resolving these issues...